La pâte sablée fait partie des pâtes de base en pâtisserie. Elle peut être utilisée pour confectionner les fonds de tarte, tartelettes, petits fours, croûtes à entremets, biscuits, etc. On peut lui incorporer des fruits secs tels que les amandes, les noisettes, les pistaches ou encore du cacao.

Elle prend le nom de « sablée » à cause du beurre qui est incorporé à la préparation par sablage et qui, mélangé aux grains de farines et de sucre, donne une texture sablée au tout. Certains affirment que cette pâte a été inventée à Lisieux au 19e siècle. D’autres lui donnent une origine au 17e siècle à Sablé-sur-Sarthe où la marquise offrit des petits sablés au frère de Louis XIV, qui les trouva bien sûr exquis. Voyons à présent comment la réaliser simplement.

Ingrédients

La pâte sablée étant une recette assez facile, sa préparation, ne nécessitera que peu d’ingrédients. Voici ce dont vous aurez besoin pour garnir un grand moule à tarte de 28 cm, environ 500 g de pâte.

  • 250 g de farine ;
  • 125 g de beurre ;
  • 70 g de sucre semoule ou glace ;
  • 1 jaune d’œuf ;
  • 5 cl d’eau (ou de lait) ;
  • 1 pincée de sel ;
  • Parfum au choix et à votre goût pour les biscuits : cannelle, vanille, rhum, zeste de citron, etc.

Ustensiles

Pour le matériel de préparation, vous aurez besoin de :

  • 1 saladier ;
  • 1 tôle à pâtisserie ;
  • 1 rouleau à pâtisserie.

Préparation

Les ingrédients et ustensiles sont-ils bien apprêtés ? Il est temps de mettre la main à la pâte !

Étape 1 : Battre le jaune d’œuf avec le sucre dans le saladier. Y ajouter de l’eau (ou du lait) pour détendre un peu le mélange.

Étape 2 : Découper le beurre en parcelles sur la farine et y ajouter du sel.

Étape 3 : Ramasser l’ensemble farine – beurre dans les mains croisées, puis les frotter délicatement. Laisser la farine passer entre les doigts et remarquer les morceaux de beurre qui s’enrobent de farine. C’est l’étape de sablage.

Étape 4 : Ensuite, former une fontaine au centre duquel verser le mélange formé à l’étape 1 (œuf + sucre + eau/lait)

Étape 5 : Incorporer rapidement le tout y compris le parfum éventuel choisi à l’aide d’un coupe-pâte (sans donner de corps)

Étape 6 : Prendre l’ensemble dans les mains et le resserrer progressivement. Si la pâte formée tient en un seul corps, c’est qu’elle est assez humide. Si ce n’est pas le cas, rajouter un peu d’eau.

Étape 7 : Fariner légèrement le plan de travail et fraiser jusqu’à obtenir de l’amalgame.

Étape 8 : Mettre la pâte en boule, elle doit être fine et souple. L’envelopper d’un linge et la laisser reposer 30 min à 1 h dans un endroit frais.

Cuisson

Pour utiliser la pâte sablée ainsi préparée comme fond de tarte par exemple il suffit de l’étaler au moyen d’un rouleau sur un plan légèrement fariné. La cuisson ne doit pas être trop poussée, il faudra donc l’arrêter dès que la pâte prend une couleur blond doré.

Remarque

La quantité de sucre utilisée peut varier de 50 g pour un fond de tarte à 125 g s’il s’agit de biscuits.

La levure chimique est facultative. Elle peut être ajoutée à une dose de 5 g en même temps que le sucre à l’étape 1 de la préparation. Elle est censée donner un côté friable à la pâte.

Vous pouvez ainsi cuire la pâte à blanc et la garnir ensuite à froid (tarte aux fruits rouges avec un fond de crème pâtissière) ou la cuire ensemble avec la garniture à condition que celle-ci ne soit pas trop humide, ex : tarte bourdalou.

ATTENTION : La pâte sablée est assez fragile ! Pour éviter de la briser, il est conseillé de l’enrouler délicatement sur le rouleau et la dérouler ensuite sur la plaque de cuisson. Elle est tout aussi fragile après cuisson, faire attention lors de la manipulation.

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